CS计算机代考程序代写 computer architecture algorithm Welcome to “Computer Architecture”
Welcome to “Computer Architecture”
CS 154: Computer Architecture Lecture #1
Winter 2020
Ziad Matni, Ph.D.
Dept. of Computer Science, UCSB
A Word About Registration for CS154
FOR THOSE OF YOU NOT YET REGISTERED:
• This class is FULL and there is a WAITLIST
if (want2add) && (on_waitlist) {
SeeMeAfterLecture(True); }
else
{
YoureGonnaHaveABadTime(True);
}
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Your Instructor
Your instructor: Ziad Matni, Ph.D. (zee-ahd mat-knee) Email: zmatni@ucsb.edu
My office hours:
Mondays 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM in SMSS 4409 (or by appointment)
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All labs will take place in PHELPS 3525
All TA office hours will take place in Trailer 936
Your TAs
Teaching Assistant
George Tzimpragos Sid Senthilkumar David Weinflash
Office Hours
tbd tbd tbd
Your FIRST lab is THIS FRIDAY (Jan. 10th)! Posted on Thursday
Labs are due on WEDNESDAYS! (unless otherwise told)
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YOUR LABS ARE HERE
PROF’S OFFICE IS HERE
YOUR LECTURES ARE HERE
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You!
With a show of hands, tell me… how many of you…
A. Are Freshmen? Sophomores? Juniors? Seniors?
B. Are CS majors? Other?
C. Know: scripting language (PERL, csh, bash) programming?
D. Have NOT extensively used a Linux or UNIX system before?
E. Have NOT taken CS 64 at UCSB
F. Written/seen code for firmware?
G. Done digital design beyond CS 64-level?
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This Class
• This is an introductory/intermediary course in computer architecture.
• We’ll be talking about:
• CPUs, Memory
• Data paths and Control mechanisms
• Peripheral devices (I/O) and Interrupt systems • Software versus hardware tradeoffs
• This class can sometimes move fast – so please prepare accordingly.
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Lecture Etiquette!
• IneedyoutobeINVOLVEDandACTIVE!
• PhonesOFF!andlaptops/tabletsareforNOTESonly
• Nosocialmediauseintheclassroom,please
• Tosucceedinthisclass,takethoroughnotes
• I’llprovidemyslides,butnotclassnotes
• Studiesshowthatwrittennotesaresuperiortotypedones!
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Main Class Website
Main Website:
https://ucsb-cs154.github.io/w20/
On there, I will keep:
• Latest syllabus
• Class assignments
• Lecture slides (after I’ve given them) • Exam prep material
• Important handouts and articles
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Other Class Websites/Tools
Piazza
https://piazza.com/ucsb/winter2020/cs154
On there, we will:
• Have (maybe) Interesting handouts and articles
Register Today!
Gradescope
On there:
GauchoSpace
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https://www.gradescope.com
• Engage in Q & A and online discussions • Make important announcements
• You will submit all your assignments, typically as PDFs • We will post your assignment grades
https://gauchospace.ucsb.edu
• This is where we will post your other grades Matni, CS154, Wi20
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Just in Case…
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So… let’s take a look at that syllabus…
Electronic version found on Main Website or at: http://cs.ucsb.edu/~zmatni/syllabi/CS154W20_syllabus.pdf
• Instructor & T.A.s’ vital info
• Class websites’ info
• Textbook info
• Class organization and expected conduct • Grading info
• Lectures & participation
• Labs & assignments
• My policies (absences, make ups, my copyrights, academic integrity) • Class schedule
• Extra resources for students
You are responsible for reading it
(yes, the whole thing!)
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Computing Devices Then…
EDSAC, University of Cambridge, UK, 1949
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Source: K.Asanovic, UCB
Computing Devices Now
Sensor Nets
Cameras
Set-top boxes
Laptops
Games
Servers
Routers
Media Players
Smart phones
Robots
Automobiles
Supercomputers
Source: K.Asanovic, UCB
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The Computer Revolution
• Progress in computer technology • Underpinned by Moore’s Law
• Makes novel applications feasible • Computers in automobiles
• Cell (smart) phones
• The Internet and the World Wide Web, etc… • Search Engines
• Computers are pervasive and ubiquitous
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Classes of Computers
• Personal Computers
• General purpose, variety of software • Subject to cost/performance tradeoff
• Servers
• Network based
• High capacity, high performance, high reliability
• Supercomputers
• High-end scientific and engineering calculations
• Highest capability but represent a small fraction of the overall computer market
• Embedded computers
• Hidden as components of systems (computers in cars, in vending machines, etc…) • Stringent power/performance/cost constraints
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Where would you put smart phones and tablets??
Architecture Continually Changing
Applications suggest how to
improve technology, provide revenue to fund development
Improved technologies
make new applications possible
Applications Technology
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Cost of software development makes compatibility a major
force in market
Source: K.Asanovic, UCB
Compatibility
A Simplified View of Modern Computer Architecture
The 5 Main Components of a Computer:
1. Processor
2. Memory
3. Input
4. Output
5. Secondary Data Storage
Display screen Speakers Printer
–or–
To a Program
CPU RAM and ROM
Processing
for calculations, etc…
Memory
for instructions, etc…
Input
Keyboard Mouse Microphone Scanner –or–
From a Program
Output
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Secondary Data Storage
HDD and SSD Mini Flash Drive
CD-ROM (Optical Drive) Tape Drive
a.k.a von Neumann Architecture
Let’s Peek Under the Hood…
Apple MacBook Pro
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What’s on a Computer Motherboard?
CPU chip
Graphics chip
Memory I/O Connectors
COM I/O Connectors
Typical Chips on a Motherboard
CPU Chip
Power Supply Chips
I/O Chips
CPU Power Supply Chips
Charge Discharge Control Chip CPU Temperature Control Chip Graphics Chips
Ethernet Chips
Sound Audio Chips
PC Card Chips
PC Card Power Supply Chips COM Port Chips
Battery IC Chips
Memory Control Chips
DDR Memory Power Supply Chips Crystal (Clock Timing) Chips
Graphics chip
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Power Connectors
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What is Computer Architecture?
Application
Gap too large to bridge in one step
Physics
In its broadest definition, computer architecture is the design of the abstraction layers that allow us to implement information processing applications efficiently using available manufacturing technologies.
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Source: K.Asanovic, UCB
Abstraction Layers in Modern Computer Systems
Application
Algorithm Programming Language Operating System/Virtual Machines
Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
Microarchitecture
Logic Gates/Register-Transfer Level (RTL) Circuits
Devices (Transistors, etc…) Physics
Computer Science
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Computer/Electrical Engineering
YOUR TO-DOs for the Week
• Get accounts on Piazza and Gradescope
• Do your reading for next class (all of Chapter 1)
• Start on Assignment #1 for lab (lab01)
• I’ll put it up on our main website this Wednesday • Meet up in the lab this Friday
• Do the lab assignment
• You have to submit it as a PDF using Gradescope • Due on Wednesday, 1/15, by 11:59:59 PM
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